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Bryant & May ‘Flaming Fusee’ matches for cigars
and pipes, London, England, 1861-1895 |
Match-making was a particularly dangerous job in the 1800s. Workers –
mainly women – employed by companies such as Bryant & May to make
matches commonly experienced a condition known as phossy jaw. This was
caused by poisoning from the yellow phosphorous used in the head of the
match.
Phossy jaw was a terribly disfiguring and sometimes fatal condition.
Eventually, a combination of this health danger, poor pay and long hours
led to the formation of a trade union for the workers. The Match Girls
Strike of 1888, led by social activist Annie Besant (1847-1933), was a
landmark industrial action and led to better pay. In 1901, Bryant &
May finally stopped using yellow phosphorous in their matches.
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